Wikipedia quotes Robert A Heinlein as suggesting 'speculative fiction', 1984 perhaps belongs in that category. If not science fiction it was certainly visionary, a society under surveillance via CCTV, thought police telling us what to say and think, history rewritten. Did any of that exist outside of Stalin's Soviet Union in 1949?
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Wikipedia quotes Robert A Heinlein as suggesting 'speculative fiction', 1984 perhaps belongs in that category. If not science fiction it was certainly visionary, a society under surveillance via CCTV, thought police telling us what to say and think, history rewritten. Did any of that exist outside of Stalin's Soviet Union in 1949?
That said, Orwell failed to predict the liberating influence of the internet
But he did predict fake news which we would not have without the internet.