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ARGH - A rat!

Newbie gardener again - and I'm sure there is no solution bar trapping or poisoning (neither of which I want to do) but, a year after moving here, today I saw a huge rat sitting under the bird feeder eating the scattered grain. I've had a family of field mice living under hedge, which is great, but this thing is massive and I don't know what to do. I don't want to stop feeding the birds, especially during nesting times, and I've designed the garden as a wildlife (hah!) area. Can anyone give me any advice on any other ways to deter it? (I don't have much hope...)
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If you don't want to stop feeding the birds you could try what are described as "rat proof" feeders (although l have no experience in how successful they are), also "no mess" seed, or seed that has been treated with chilli oil if memory serves me right. The birds can't taste it but the rats don't like it.
Having no personal experience of rats in the garden (thankfully), this might be of help
https://birdslife.co.uk/how-to-stop-attracting-rats-to-bird-feeders/
Plenty of rat poison and suitable cages for putting it in are available in DIY stores and online.
I live in west central Scotland - not where that photo is...
I spent a lot of money on a squirrel proof (and rat proof) bird feeder which has been very effective.
I have purpose built cages for feeding, which only the small birds can access. It's vital here for the parent birds because it saves them struggling to feed themselves when they also have young to feed. It can be harsh just when they have youngsters fledging, and they can lose their entire nest due to bad weather. The great, blue and coal tits, robins, sparrows and dunnocks are in and out constantly, and it saves a lot of energy if they have easy food available. Sunflower hearts mainly, so very little waste anyway.
The rats can't get in the cages, and the bases are fairly solid, so very little gets ejected. The messier goldfinches, chaffinches, bullfiches etc don't come in at this time of year because there's so much food available nearby in hedgerows etc.
We had a rat earlier in the year - probably from across the road as there was a lot of work going on in one of the properties, and it probably got displaced. It was quickly dispatched by the poison.
I don't ground feed past April.
I live in west central Scotland - not where that photo is...