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Three questions if that's ok?

First of all does anyone know what this is?


My next question is can anyone identify this shrub. It's about 10 foot tall and has long spines/thorns along the stems. It's evergreen.


And finally what on earth has happened here... last week the grass looked as if something had been burrowing underneath it(!). It was all uneven and spongey. Then today it seems to have settled flat but a trail of dead yellow grass has been left. I dug around looking for chafer grubs but couldn't find any, but the soil just under the trail is all loose as if something has rummaged through it. No grass was disturbed on the surface like magpies or badgers do when looking for chafer grubs. The excess soil is simply where I've been digging today. I can't think of anything that can burrow through soil just below grass except for moles but there are no mole hills. Any ideas? There is a local hedgehog but he wouldn't be under the grass!












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Berberis, maybe B. julianne
Badgers?
The second one is a berberis
I havent a clue about the excavation😊