Depends on the variety. The butterfly lavender type are more tender. The angustifolia type are hardier, but don't like being sat in wet at the roots. Good drainage is always the key.
Yes! Lavender has a fairly short life if it is not clipped back hard immediately after flowering each year, to a new shoot, it also likes a limey soil which seems to help it live longer. The coloured and dwarf types are less hardy than the common lavender.
Perhaps my soil wasn't free draining enough, I did add grit and sand, but it was quite wet when I took out the dead plants. Limey soil, point taken, didn't know this.
As the others said, it all depends on the variety of lavender, the winter conditions, and the soil. Mine will do fine for several years, then die suddenly one winter. I keep trying various varieties and various locations around my garden. Once I happen on something that lasts, I plan to propagate through cuttings to expand.
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Limey soil, point taken, didn't know this.
Cheers